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Taplin, Adriana de Pesters, Peter Brunner, Dora Hermes, John C. Intraoperative mapping of expressive language cortex using passive real-time elecorticography AmiLyn M. Swift JR, Coon WG, Guger C, Brunner P, Bunch M, Lynch T, Frawley B. Passive functional mapping of receptive language areas using electrocorticographic signals. In clinical trials at Albany Medical Center.Potential for improved quality of life State of Development.Reduces the risks of morbidity, discomfort and accidental seizures.
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Receptive language mapped while under anesthesia.Neurosurgery, Clinical neurology and basic neuroscience research Advantages over current methods Most importantly, our technology can produce functional maps not only when the patient is conscious and actively participates in guided tasks, but can also be applied in people that are under general anesthesia. Brain mapping using ECoG is safe because it eliminates several risks associated with electrical stimulation (e.g., the risk of after-discharges and seizures), it can be rapidly applied, it is comparatively inexpensive, and it is congruent to existing technologies. Additionally, signal acquisition is passively recorded from subdural grids that either are already placed, or can readily be placed on the surface of the brain during typical surgical protocols.
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However, the use of fMRI is expensive and requires substantial expertise while ECoG is comparatively inexpensive and procedurally simple. brain signals are recorded while patients perform a task but without “active” delivery of electrical impulses as in ECS. Both ECoG and fMRI have the advantages of being “passive” methodologies, i.e. Up to the present, the most widely used technique has been ECS, but its significant limitations have led to investigation into ECoG and fMRI as potential adjuncts or alternatives to ECS-based language mapping. Therefore, functional language mapping for precise localization and preservation of language can optimize surgical outcomes.įunctional language mapping has traditionally been achieved using electrical cortical stimulation (ECS) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and most recently using passively recorded electrocorticography (ECoG). Because more than 90% of patients are not conscious during surgery, they currently cannot benefit from functional mapping.
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Current procedures require active patient participation (consciousness). location, size) and function across individuals, neurosurgery carries inherent risks that include potential damage to language function. Given the high variability in structural anatomy (e.g. Patients, such as those with brain tumors or epilepsy, may require resection of pathological tissue near language areas to prolong or improve quality of life. This is a significant improvement because it expands the number of patients that could benefit while also reducing the potential for seizure activity. Mapping is conducted without requiring the subject to actively respond to stimuli to trigger language or motor function responses. Unlike current alternatives, the patient can be under anesthesia. The primary market is for patients undergoing invasive brain surgery for epilepsy or tumor resection. This technology enables rapid mapping of language function and motor function without subject participation.